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Dreyfus model of skill acquisition (Novice (needs recipes follows rules …
Dreyfus model of skill acquisition
Novice
needs recipes
follows rules
no the big picture
no context
Advanced Beginner
needs guidelines/cookbooks
gets awareness
seeks for quick solutions
doesn't need the big picture
doesn't feel as a part of the system
Competence
needs maxims (principles)
can troubleshoot
can use the advice of experts
can find a problem
still hard to distinguish the important details
still has to check many options until finds out the valuable one
most people stuck at this stage
Proficient
needs patterns
needs the big picture
can self-correct
can learn from other's experience
can apply recipes in the context
Expert
no longer needs principles
responds intuitively and appropriately to the current situation
best in patterns matching
almost instantaneously sees important details and produces actions
feels like a part of the system (rather than controls it)
can apply best practices just in the right context